What is downlink throughput In this comprehensive guide, we‘ll cover the key concepts and commands for using iperf3 to For this reason, throughout the paper ‘throughput’ refers to the downlink case, with the uplink applicability left for further study. < 38. And vice versa. In TDD scheme, both uplink and downlink frames are transmitted over the same frequency, hence the existence of a special frame is needed to switch between them as Figure 1 shows [5]. Typical Data rate of wireless technologies. Our analysis answers a simple question: Under a fixed set of antenna and SNR resources, and a given downlink MISO system which can already enjoy an optimized The main contributions of this work are: (a) a simple interference model to evaluate the impact of PCI planning on LTE downlink performance, and (b) simulation results showing SLE Metric: Throughput. Streaming video is less demanding. It is the net bit rate (useful information rate excluding error-correcting codes) or maximum throughput divided by the bandwidth in hertz of a communication channel or a data link. 1 km. 7 km, with a mean downlink (DL) throughput of 13. The combined upload throughput Multiple Access Communications (cont. On the surface bandwidth and throughput appear to be similar but they couldn’t be further apart in practice. For example, the maximum throughput associated with the 20 MHz This page describes LTE PDSCH channel or Physical Downlink Shared Channel with respect to LTE system. A good estimate of the DL throughput is essential for myriad tasks that include network performance optimiza-tion, traffic management, application provisioning and crowd-sourced reporting. It is defined as the ratio of the amount of data sent downlink Throughput is simple: assuming the client is saturating the network, the server only needs to count the received bytes, and divide that by some duration. LTE-Advanced supports single user MIMO (SU-MIMO) scheme up to eight layers (8x8 MIMO) for downlink and four layers (4x4 MIMO) for uplink. Let’s assume, the UE is in good radio condition and its capability is available for 150 Mbps for downlink and 50 Mbps for Definition: Downlink, commonly abbreviated as DL, represents the communication channel from the 5G network to the user device (UE). The obligation A downlink port is the port transferring (transmitting and receiving) data from an external network to your local device such as the Ethernet port on your switch or router. 4. sented by Downlink (DL) throughput) has become synony-mous with the performance of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs). This discussion is focused on LTE. 5 W into 0 dBi antenna) EIRP= = -3 –1 = -4 dBW. 4 x 4 DL throughput = 201. Let’s dive into the technical details: Overview: . For downlink and uplink transmissions, without multiuser multiple input, multiple output (MIMO), different users are allocated to different subcarriers. MCS Coding Rates. Because Downlink Throughput (DL-Throughput) holds signicant importance factors for network perfor-mance, DL-Throughput prediction can be used to evaluate the quality of cellular networks. Data Flow: In the downlink direction, the eNodeB is responsible for transmitting data to the UE over the established radio link. We study the capture effect on the downlink throughput of a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) based wireless local area network (WLAN) in presence of path loss, Rayleigh fading and log-normal shadowing. Building off of the 802. In a LoRaWAN network one of the main reasons of packet outage is the destructive interference that is 3. 9G) that Step 1: Identify cell with low DL (downlink) throughput. When mobile chip manufacturer releases a new product, it should to indicate its Ue LTE Categories It is help us to get information about Ue Peak LTE Throughput DL (UL), number of MIMO DL layers, support for 64QAM in UL etc Common Ue Categories LTE (common + NB-IoT) defines a combined uplink and downlink capability. As a result, Wi-Fi 6 can offer enhanced speeds and cater to multiple devices seamlessly. This is based on the limits of the technology, assuming you had perfect coverage and no congestion on the downlink systems. HSPA+ is an advanced 3G technology (3. Three different types of physical channels are defined for the LTE downlink: physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical downlink control The high throughput with low latency, massively connected devices, and effective utilization of spectrum for current wireless communication systems can be realized by adopting the fifth-generation In an uplink underlaid device-to-device (D2D) cellular network, this paper considers its two aspects of throughput improvement. Average Cell In order to improve system capacity and spectrum utilization, this paper combines millimeter wave and D2D communication technology, which is aimed at 28GHz frequency Iperf3 is a powerful open source tool for analyzing network performance and diagnosing issues. PDSCH, PDCCH, PUSCH, PUCCH) with different. One method involves acquiring a scene map of a cell, CQI data, and downlink throughput along with SINR values 5G-Advanced introduces substantial improvements to massive MIMO, increasing both uplink and downlink throughput. The data that these messages contain may be delivered over physical or logical links, or through network nodes. 11ac -- which operates only in the 5 GHz band -- 802. Wi-Fi 6 is designed to support up to 8×8:8 MU-MIMO in both downlink and uplink, which allows it to serve up to eight users simultaneously and provide significantly higher data throughput. In this paper, a joint downlink (DL) and UL optimization to maximize the sum of UL throughput of devices for a given sum of DL throughput in a wireless powered communication network DOWNLINK SPACE - EARTH R Earth Ground Station Satellite. By the end of 2026, mobile operators will have to remove equipment from their In this paper, we propose a supervised Machine Learning (ML) solution for DL throughput estimation that aims at delivering highly accurate predictions while significantly The question always is and always will be about how much throughput a technology can achieve. In other words, single 20MHz bandwidth to achieve up to 600Mbps downlink speed. 31Gbps and uplink throughput of 2. UE and Cell throughput are computed mathematically from the From both analysis and simulation results, it is shown that the system throughput of all the proposed schemes are better than that of the scheme in [7], and the MCS selection In this article we have described some of the benefits of cloud-based ground segment architectures, and implemented a proof-of-concept of a high-throughput satellite data The downlink IP throughput, defined as the payload data volume on IP level per elapsed time unit on the Uu interface, is an important performance metric for the quality of service experienced Downlink (DL): 1. The critical and effective parameters such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP Current frame structures consist of 8 timeslots in the downlink (DL) and 2 timeslots in the uplink (UL) which allows a maximum of 180 Mbit/s2 peak throughput under optimum conditions in the uplink (with 100MHz spectrum bandwidth, 2x2 UL MIMO and without UL carrier aggregation) and a minimum latency of 2 - 4 ms one-way in the RAN. HSDPA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) family and is often referred to as 3. The current and next generations of A healthy SINR is critical to maximizing data capacity and throughput. 6 Mbps แต่ในฝั่ง Downlink ประมาณ 25% ของ Resource element downlink throughput (DL-Throughput) using ML models in fourth and fth generations (4G/5G) cellular networks. System availability: 🔘 Modulation = 64QAM (6 bits can be carried on each RE with this modulation) 🔘 Antenna = 2T2R MIMO 🔘 Bandwidth = 20MHz (100 PRB and 1200 The User DownLink (UE DL) throughput is considered the most effective Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for measuring the user experience. The analyzed data revealed that lower-band signals were capable of greater coverage distances and had superior throughput. However, the rough estimation for a maximum throughput can roughly be estimated by following equation. OFDM access is the multiple-access scheme that NR has adopted. For the most part, throughput capacity is measured in bits per second, but it can also be QUICK OBSERVATIONS . 5 bps/Hz) within a 20MHz uplink In an uplink underlaid device-to-device (D2D) cellular network, this paper considers its two aspects of throughput improvement. 4 GHz. With this technology, it achieves peak spectral efficiency of 30 bit/s/Hz for TDD uplink measurements can be reused for downlink measurements. The 3GPP roadmap (see figure below) is continuously evolving to fulfill the larger 5G vision. At the distance of roughly 11. ) Throughput adalah tingkat transfer data aktual yang sedang dicapai dalam praktiknya. The downlink throughput calculation method and device encompass a variety of approaches tailored to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of throughput estimations in different communication scenarios, particularly in 5G and LTE networks. ", "Don't expect it to be simple. Original code from Github. The throughput values in tables above are less than the values shown in (LINK TO TABLE). Alternatively, the spectral efficiency may be measured in In LTE, usually they use multiple Antenna for downlink (at least from Category 3 UE and higher), meaning that eNode (Network) has use multiple Tx Antenna and UE use multiple Rx antenna. 4 Ghz and 5 GHz wireless LAN frequencies. It identifies issues with current optimization capabilities such as limited analysis methods and lack of clear For urban channel model and a fixed inter-site distance of 1732m,downlink throughput for LTE for different values of SINR is shown below. 31 Gbps and uplink throughput of 2. g. Figure 1. The proposed system employs several KPIs to predict UE DL This reference simulation shows how to measure the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) throughput of a 5G New Radio (NR) link, as defined by the 3GPP NR standard. TDD Pattern (4:1) is adapted to improve the Downlink throughput vs Uplink 5G New Radio is capable of providing a downlink throughput 2. Wi-Fi 6 is designed to support up to 8×8:8 MU-MIMO in both downlink and uplink, which allows it to serve up to eight users The parameters measured and tested comprise of the key performance indicators such as the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise The downlink throughput increment is almost linear with the increment of the channel access rate of the AP. The transmitter model includes PDSCH demodulation reference signals (DM-RS) and PDSCH phase tracking End-to-end congestion control approaches for high throughput and low delay in 4G/5G cellular networks. Use this calculator to calculate LTE throughput, and carrier aggregation Throughput. 2. Ground stations have limited downlink “throughput”, meaning the amount of data they can receive. But for a stable connection one needs both, downlink and uplink. MCS vs SINR. For In this paper, we propose a supervised Machine Learning (ML) solution for DL throughput estimation that aims at delivering highly accurate predictions while significantly limiting the Throughput can exceed 300Mbit/s. 2150-1 recommendation which is the only standard for IMT 2020 RIT/SRIT (i. As a result, the forecast of UE DL throughput is essential in network dimensioning for the network planning team throughout the network design stage. We documented at least a 10x increase in the downlink total throughput versus LTE and at least a 2x increase in the uplink total throughput versus LTE after enabling 5G NR mmWave on the smartphones. First, let’s make sure we’re all on the same page about the network throughput definition. 47 Gbps with certain configuration shown below assuming 100 MHz channel bandwidth. Massive MIMO (multiple-input, multiple-output) radios are the leading radio solution for new 5G deployments on mid-band TDD spectrum. While 5 GHz offers better throughput and more capacity, 2. 3 shows the comparison of downlink physical layer throughput between low- and mid-band LTE and NR, as reported by XCAL during all of our driving measurements. The maximum data rate What is Downlink ? The frequency used for all the transmissions from Base Station to the Mobile Subscriber Unit (MS) is known as downlink frequency. For example, in MCS 15 with corresponding coding rate 5/6, for PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) is an essential component of the physical layer in the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G wireless communication systems. 5 GHz. Sending more bits in a shorter amount of time equals higher throughput. 25 MHz to 20 MHz. As a result, the forecast of UE High speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) is the new technology which is introduced in 3GPP Release 5. Unlike 802. The obligation Downlink CoMP Downlink CoMP also has two approaches under consideration for LTE-Advanced: Coordinated Scheduling/Beamforming (CS/CB) (Figure 2), and Joint Processing (Figure 3). The critical and eec-tive parameters such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio(SINR), NR-DL Transmission Modes aim to efficiently utilize the downlink resources to ensure reliable and high-throughput communication between the gNodeB and the UE. (Single carrier component) Downlink Spectral Efficiency = 2. 7 – 12. Some companies sell uplink and downlink services to television stations, businesses and other telecommunication carriers. Uplink/Downlink time-frequency frame structure for FDD and TDD [5]. 0 Release 16 2 ETSI TR 137 901-5 V16. Is one of the three major KPI, along with and latency and packet loss when we measured what it’s called “the integrity” This tutorial explains how LTE downlink maximum throughput is determined. DC-HSDPA doubles the downlink speed, and first-generation LTE starts out at 100 Mbits/s downlink and 50 Mbits/s uplink. 0 Transferred 204 What should I do if there is a poor uplink (downlink throughput)? CASE I: The problem in this case is that the uplink-downlink settings on the AP are incorrect. Additionally, the improved implementation of MU-MIMO in Wi-Fi 6 supports both uplink MU-MIMO and downlink MU-MIMO. Asymmetry between the radio resources allocated for downlink and uplink transmission is a common feature of cellular access networks. The link spectral efficiency of a digital communication system is measured in bit/s/Hz, [2] or, less frequently but unambiguously, in (bit/s)/Hz. The PDSCH channel is the main data bearing channel which is allocated to users Our table provides two different download speeds. While UE is downloading YouTube video, I changed cell power (Downlink Power) step by step. 306 standard: NR User Equipment (UE) radio access capabilities and uses formula to obtain a 5G NR Throughput data rate in the In the context of 5G (Fifth Generation) mobile networks, downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) are two fundamental communication channels that define the directions of data transmission between It is recommended to read OFDMA/SC-FDMA sections to clearly understand throughput calculation in LTE. 12 shows the best UL throughput and latency is achieved by Gaps 3 and 4, possibly due to the LTE channel aggregation of the NSA mode. For this reason, throughout the paper ‘throughput’ refers to the downlink case, with the uplink applicability left for further study. Mobile wireless systems employ OFDM to achieve high bandwidth channels. The throughput at 9. These sented by Downlink (DL) throughput) has become synony-mous with the performance of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs). High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) is an advanced mobile communication protocol that enhances 3G networks to deliver faster data speeds. Frequency. So let’s talk about some of the factors that control how much data can be sent in a given time period. Range is the maximum range possible to receive data at 25% of the typical rate. Small change in downlink power, Fading, AWGN can create large changes in throughput. Some TM is designed mainly to increase throughput, some are to increase communication reliability and some are to handle multiple users simultaneously etc Throughput is generally measured in the amount of data sent over time e. Habtegebreil Haile, Anna Brunstrom, in Computer Networks, 2021. In this article, the High Throughput Satellites (HTS) offer significantly enhanced throughput compared to conventional Fixed Satellite Service (FSS). 0096 : A ML-based framework is introduced to analyze the Real 4G/LTE-A mobile network, cluster, predict, and enhance the DownLink (DL) throughput of a considerable number of cells. Biasanya kurang dari bandwidth karena kemacetan jaringan, keterbatasan perangkat keras, dan overhead protokol data. The cell-edge user throughput is commonly defined Because Downlink Throughput (DL-Throughput) holds significant importance factors for network performance, DL-Throughput prediction can be used to evaluate the quality of cellular networks. In wired broadband access, downlinks transmit data IMT-2020 specifies the maximum data rate that 5G is required to offer. 3 - User experience degrades sharply as the downlink throughput “at click” drops below 5Mbps or the uplink throughput “at click” drops below 300 kilobits per second (kbps). Typical Max Throughput Esimation . 38 GHz. Real-trace data of The Downlink IP Throughput is a key indicator reflecting the real business experience of users in wireless communication systems. The downlink IP throughput, defined as the payload data volume on IP level per elapsed time unit on the Uu interface, is an important performance metric for the quality of service experienced by the end user. 13 shows the downlink throughput distribution, where for both They are the scheduling ratio of Downlink and Uplink, and the number of symbols assigned for each slots. Network throughput refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted through a network within a given period of time. As a telecommunications RF expert engineer, I’ll guide Downlink. This strategy is based on Download scientific diagram | Uplink and downlink throughput with packet size from publication: Experimental Performance Evaluation of NB-IoT | Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is gaining RLC throughput is generally higher than PHY throughput. The waveform of the transmitted signal in NR uses cyclic prefix (CP)-OFDM for downlink and uplink transmissions. Beberapa elemen dapat mempengaruhi throughput, seperti kualitas media transmisi, kesenjangan antara pengirim dan penerima, dan beban jaringan. This is because the higher the SINR, the higher the QAM modulation that can be achieved, and hence the The LTE downlink PHY is specified for bandwidths from 1. 901-5 version 16. 3 km. (Single carrier component) Downlink In this paper, we propose a supervised Machine Learning (ML) solution for DL throughput estimation that aims at delivering highly accurate predictions while significantly limiting the Estimating the Maximum Throughput and 5G Capacity for modern Wireless Networks is complex and requires understanding of the 5G standards. 5G New Radio is capable of providing a downlink throughput 2. This paper proposes a feature selection method based on random forest to predict Downlink IP Throughput. But this kind of testing would still be very The User DownLink (UE DL) throughput is considered the most effective Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for measuring the user experience. One method involves acquiring a scene map of a cell, CQI data, and downlink throughput along with SINR values For more information on configuring Uplink Max Rate and Downlink Max Rate, see Downlink Max Rate and Uplink Max Rate - Determining Configuration. Service providers, whose business depends Downlink is the throughput from the base station to the user handset or computer. It is defined as the ratio of the amount of data sent downlink at the RLC layer to the data transmission time. of antenna] DL throughput = 50. Today is the start of uplink • Throughput is divided into two types uplink (or upstream) and downlink (or downstream) based on direction of data flow. Existing 4G (LTE) mobile wireless uses OFDM for the downlink (base station to mobile device), with a fixed subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. "Throughput troubleshooting is not simple at all. 7. It also adds support for downlink MU-MIMO in 2. analyzed physical downlink shared throughput using 15, 30, and 60 SCS and different modulation schemes. Jul 8, 2015 #2 Depends how you use the terms. In a control or actuator-type application, the downlink communication latency is an Downlink P Uplink P Downlink OTA Uplink OTA 100. It is assumed that slot and symbols are scheduled for downlink as much as possible. The presented classes. The device classes trade off network downlink communication latency versus battery lifetime. 11ac standard for wireless network transmissions, WiFi 6 promises faster throughput speeds, less bandwidth congestion, and WiFi spectrum efficiency. 2 Mb/s. Contrarily, Fig. In this article, we will explore the The 3GPP roadmap (see figure below) is continuously evolving to fulfill the larger 5G vision. 306(4. Throughput: Look for Throughput counters for a specific vendor in Downlink and Uplink. The most common analogy used to describe the relationship between the two is to consider bandwidth as a pipe and throughput as water. Calculating the maximum downlink data rate in a 5G network involves understanding various parameters and how they interact. The throughput of the specified communication system is calculated by summing the contribution of every subcarrier. ". Living with Starlink: Our tester in Idaho crunches the speed test numbers to show how his satellite service has changed over the last 6 months. WiFi 6 (802. The provision of enhanced user experience with higher-data transmission speed over the radio frequency channels was one of the core objectives of evolving Long Term Evolution (LTE), which is a 4th generation of cellular broadband communication standard. One sentence. To downlink, satellites must be within range of ground stations. Fractional power control scheme improves air-interface efficiency and increase average cell throughput by reducing intercell interference. the number of OFDMA sub-carriers), their respective signal quality (SINR) determines their throughput. signalsresearch. The developed analytical Downlink throughput prediction using machine or deep learning techniques is one of the significant aspects in this direction. 2) The DL and UL max data rate supported by the UE is calculated by band or band combinations 5G download speeds measured are much faster than 4G at world level with national and player discrepancies. The important parameters are selected from data measurements based on the correlation coefficient. 3. (Spoiler: It's become much better. It is shown that the optimal SWIPT NOMA system provides essential throughput improvement for the cell-edge user while the use ofSWIPT-based relaying transmission does not jeopardize the sum-throughput of the system compared to that of non-cooperative NOMa systems. In order to answer, we need to specify the technology. number of DL-SCH transport block bits are decoded correctly anddel Throughput in LTE (Long-Term Evolution) refers to the actual data transfer rate or the amount of data transmitted over the network in a given time period. If from Instantaneous downlink peak data rate of 100 Mbps within a 20 MHz downlink spectrum allocation (5 bps/Hz) Instantaneous uplink peak data rate of 50 Mbps (2. The answer would be "Probably Not". a) The first thing is to identify those cells with low throughput. 5 to 2 years): 15, 16, and 17. The 5G New Radio (NR) standard uses OFDM on both the uplink and - CP-OFDM targeted at high throughput scenarios • TDM and/or FDM for downlink and uplink • Rel-15 NR UEs are not mandated to support simultaneous DL reception or UL transmission of multiple FDM physical channels (e. Meaning any Wi-Fi 6 access point can both transmit to and receive data from multiple devices at the same time. For this purpose, we develop an analytical model to compute the saturation throughput of the AP in a WLAN without and with the capture effect. However existing works are limited in scope as the prediction models A clear analysis of 4T4R performance data in a commercial FDD LTE network is presented in this paper. This means that uplink and downlink channel users operate bidirectionally by segregating either time slots or frequencies. 8 km, the throughput further declined to 1 Mb/s. 0096 : 0. In the Downlink direction, data, signals, and control information are transmitted from the network to the UE. The first is the theoretical “maximum download speed”. 7 GHz and uplink between 14-14. The data flow from your computer to ISP (Internet Service Provider) is known as uplink and from ISP to your PC it is known as downlink. Counters such as which show , how much data is there in PDCP , or how much data volume was accumulated in the last Transmission Time Interval (TTI) . As the name itself suggests, this will enable the user to achieve high data rates in Cell ID Calculator . 169 HSDPA networks supported 3. LTE was developed to supports data transmission speed up to 300 Mbps and 75 Mbps in downlink and In MU-MIMO wireless communication systems, information is transmitted in a half-duplex way. We measured Starlink’s download and upload throughput every 30 minutes using the command line version of the Ookla SpeedTest service. The coverage area of the LTE 800 MHz BS at the Singerjärvi area had a maximum distance of up to 13. • The test verifies max. 0 110. In Section3 these results are related to physical resource Bandwidth vs Throughput: Theoretical Packet Delivery and Actual Packet Delivery. What about WiFi 5? From both analysis and simulation results, it is shown that the system throughput of all the proposed schemes are better than that of the scheme in [7], and the MCS selection scheme using harmonic mean based effective packet-level SINR almost reaches the optimal performance and significantly outperforms the other proposed schemes. HERE, HERE, HERE and HERE. Step-1: Firstly, we find the capacity (bps) of each subcarrier using Shannon's capacity formula: • Throughput is divided into two types uplink (or upstream) and downlink (or downstream) based on direction of data flow. Throughput is usually measured in bits per second (bit/s, sometimes This reference simulation shows how to measure the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) throughput of a 5G New Radio (NR) link, as defined by the 3GPP NR standard. And this is where Carrier Aggregation comes in: it allows User Throughput : In simple terms it is the amount of data being received by a connected user on average in LTE network. As a result, the forecast of UE DL throughput What are uplinks and downlinks? In satellite telecommunication, a downlink is the link from a satellite down to one or more ground stations or receivers, and an uplink is the link from a ground station up to a satellite. The analysis shows several important performance indicators affecting 4T4R performance, such as RRC_connected user, PRB utilization, cell throughput, user throughput, and RI ratio, how these indicators are related to modulation and coding scheme In this regard, Ömer et al. bandwidth. All the cells are same having bandwidth We then present a comprehensive analysis for the considered HR-RIS-aided CF mMIMO system, where the closed-form expression of the downlink throughput is derived. (High throughput depends not only on CQI, but also on In LTE , Power control takes place both in Downlink and Uplink. Let’s assume 100 MHz channel bandwidth (Single That means that in downlink the cell could reach further than in uplink. 5 and 15. High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) is an enhanced 3G (third-generation) had commercially launched mobile broadband services in 109 countries. The document proposes a new optimization scheme using a tool to evaluate KPIs, identify problematic cells, isolate problems, identify root causes, and select sites for focus to improve Wi-Fi 5 is limited to a MU-MIMO group of only four clients. 0 Average 226 Gbps 1304 Mbps CSI Assisted TX Meas 120. To minimize SATCOM latency autopilot is often favored in LOS RF operations (Valavanis, 2013). SATELLITE EIRP • Maximum EIRP satellite: specified EIRP sat • EIRP due to drive level: EIRP= EIRP sat –B out B outback-off • Example: • EIRP sat = -3 dBW (0. Throughput estimation is not easy and not as simple as can be calculated by a simple equation. In recent years, Downlink (DL) throughput estimation in Mobile Broadband (MBB) networks has gained immense popularity and it is expected to become a vital component of the upcoming fifth generation (5G) systems. To obtain the correct result, it is necessary to enter such important parameters as: mode of 4G LTE network, number of aggregated carriers, number of MIMO layers, Bandwidth, For downlink throughput as shown by Fig. This can be explained due to the high bandwidth of the 5G mmWave connection. This document discusses technical training on optimizing LTE downlink throughput. In 5G NR, SINR is measured in both the uplink (from User Equipment, UE, to the base station) and the downlink (from the base station to the UE). • This test case is used to verify DL Physical Layer's capability to process xPDSCHin sustainable manner. note: All calculations below is for 20MHz, for less bandwidth you just divide. Experimental results in a live network are compared to those obtained in the RC of our laboratory. The upper plot is cell power change and the average CQI (Average of 50 subframes) in reaction to the cell power change and lower plot shows the throughput change in accordance to CQI changes. Both impacts are investigated by Download scientific diagram | a): Average UE throughput vs. 47Gbps with certain configurations. 11ax) is the latest generation of WiFi. MU-MIMO in both the downlink and uplink directions. For example, our PC's Ethernet port is the uplink port and the Ethernet's switch or router port is Internet throughput is a crucial metric for assessing the performance and quality of an internet connection. The calculation is based on the 3GPP TS 38. 0 BLER,'Tput 115. 306 v16. from publication: Performance of Coordinated Scheduling in Downlink LTE-A under User Mobility | Resource scheduling, in LTE The update makes it possible to make chipsets that are simpler and lower cost but still have the same throughput specs as the original LTE Cat 1 (10 Mbps down, 5 Mbps up, and latency of less than 100 ms). As the name itself suggests, this will enable the user to achieve high data rates in the downlink while on the move. For example, in MCS 15 with corresponding coding rate 5/6, for frequencies. ; It primarily focuses on Downlink (DL): 1. It is a critical metric that directly impacts the user experience and the Throughput is a basic KPI on any LTE network. In this paper, we This document discusses technical training on optimizing LTE downlink throughput. 11ax supports both 2. [citation needed] anar 2021 Page 3 www. Simply select network type and type in the LCID/CID. Probably, RLC buffering may affect the throughput measurement, but not sure. After collecting data, satellites downlink it to Earth. However, the analysis depends on the size of the antenna and PDSCH models. The two-fold gain comprises the throughput After subtracting the overhead for the headers, you have the throughput via IP. . Release 17 is included in the ITU-R M. The communication in the other direction, mobile phone to the base station, utilises two antennas at the transmitter (e. The data flow from your computer to ISP (Internet Service Provider) ETSI 3GPP TR 37. Analyze the cell quality indicator values The Downlink IP Throughput is a key indicator reflecting the real business experience of users in wireless communication systems. bits or bytes per second. 8 Mb/s, whereas a throughput of more than 10 Mb/s was achieved at a distance of 7. In Section 2, the average user throughput is formulated as a LTE Throughput Calculator . com ll hings 5 mmave An update on 5G NR millimeter wave (mmWave) network performance and new use cases We tested 5G NR mmWave FWA Same with Downlink, is the router sending or receiving when Downlink is being referred to? L&LD Part of the Furniture. For TCP, we can ignore the data overhead for now, as the main factor is the additional round-trips There has been a series of posts for LTE Throughput computation in both FDD and TDD. 5G or 3G+. The two-fold gain comprises the throughput increase by offloading downlink cellular traffic to D2D communications, duplexing gain, and the increase by reusing uplink resources of D2D transmissions, capacity gain. We observe a considerably higher downlink throughput on the mid-band NR channels compared to the low-band counterparts. Here, we provide a detailed step-by-step guide to calculate the throughput for a given example scenario. In CS/CB, transmission to a single UE is performed by the serving cell, just as in non-CoMP transmission. Even though two subscribers may use the same amount of spectrum (i. Also the counter which keeps track of how throughput is being estimated for the UE is important to know. 0 (2020-11) Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to The minimum requirements for downlink peak data rate: 20 Gbps; The minimum requirements for uplink peak data rate: 10 Gbps; Target downlink “user experienced data rate”: 100 Mbps; Downlink Throughput. For comparison, we ran the same This Page provides information about 4G LTE Throughput calculator. Various High speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) is the new technology which is introduced in 3GPP Release 5. Wireless Technology Downlink Data Rate(Mbps) Uplink Data Rate(Mbps) GSM: 0. Calculator is based on 3GPP communication standards and allows you to calculate the maximum throughput of 4G LTE networks. Even at High-Definition (1080p) YouTube videos start playing in less than 2 seconds given a downlink throughput “at click” of 10Mbps. The user Wi-Fi 5 is limited to a MU-MIMO group of only four clients. They way it takes place in Downlink and Uplink will become evident in a little bit , as we go further down the discussion. First thing to remember for throughput troubleshooting . 4 GHz has longer signal range and may better support the growing number of IoT nodes, which often The maximum downlink and uplink throughput for the user has been calculated using the following equations: [16] DLT hroughput = N × T Bsize × (ContributionbyDLSubf rame+ Downlink frequency is between 11. The cell site where we did our tests supported sixteen MIMO layers in the downlink direction and four MIMO layers in the uplink Single-user data throughput; MU-MIMO capacity – 8×8 devices support four simultaneous 2×2 MU-MIMO clients that support downlink MU-MIMO, with significant introduced in 3GPP release 6 in order to optimize the downlink channelization code usage. 6 Mbit/s peak downlink data throughput, and a growing number delivered 21 Mbit/s peak data downlink. 31 x 10^9 bps / 100 x 10^6 Hz = 23 bits/second/Hz; Network throughput (or just throughput, when in context) refers to the rate of message delivery over a communication channel in a communication network, such as Ethernet or packet radio. The proposed system employs several KPIs to predict UE DL Please check this Throughput Calculator which takes MCS values and number of resource blocks as input to calculate the downlink throughput Code Rate In simple words, code rate can be defined as how effectively data can be transmitted in 1ms transport block or in other words, it is the ratio of actual amount of bits transmitted to the maximum End-to-end congestion control approaches for high throughput and low delay in 4G/5G cellular networks. The larger the pipe A framework model for predicting downlink throughput (DL-Throughput) using ML models in fourth and fifth generations (4G/5G) cellular networks is proposed and the critical and effective parameters such as Reference Signal Received Power, Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio, and Reference Signal Receive Quality have been applied. This threshold is defined by your network policies and Wi-Fi is a popular wireless technology and is continuously extended to keep pace with requirements such as high throughput, real-time communication, dense networks, or resource Downlink Interference (Bad CQI) – Cells with downlink interference are those whose CQI (cell quality indicators) values are low. It is responsible for delivering user data from the base station to the user equipment (UE) in the downlink direction. e. The downlink throughput limitations to pull files on the Storj network depend on three aspects: Number of concurrent downloads from the nodes. Downlink MU-MIMO will be available in Wi-Fi 6 radios. It identifies issues with current optimization capabilities such as limited analysis methods and lack of clear results. This is 20Gbps (downlink) and 10Gbps (uplink). In this article, the Kumpuvaara area had a maximum distance of 17. 0 Current 209 Gbps 1352 Mbps 105. Some ways to optimise the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) of a LoRaWAN network that can be used when setting up a node or a group of nodes, do not involve downlink and can operate without knowledge of other devices in the same network are analyzed. Plentiful adaptive video streaming algorithms greatly rely on accurate DL throughput predictions to adapt their mechanisms and ensure high Quality of Service This work proposes a framework model for predicting downlink throughput (DL-Throughput) using ML models in fourth and fifth generations (4G/5G) cellular networks. Use this page calculate things such as eNB ID/RNC-ID/BSIC or hex values of IDs. Below figure shows the same. High Endurance UAS may also employ Common Data Link (“CDL”) technology on either I-band satellite communication (“SATCOM”) or KU band between 14. Uplink is the throughput from the user handset or computer to the base station. In this paper, we investigate the sum-throughput of cell-center and cell-edge users in downlink scenarios of Same with Downlink, is the router sending or receiving when Downlink is being referred to? L&LD Part of the Furniture. Spanning multiple releases, 5G-Advanced aims to comprehensively improve spectrum efficiency by: With this technology, it achieves peak spectral efficiency of 30 bit/s/Hz for downlink and 15 bit/sec/Hz for uplink. Would live network ever allocate this amount of resources for a single UE ? or can we have such good signal quality that can allows this kind of throughput ?". This would be understandable if this is uplink throughput measured on UE, but it looks a little strange to me that this happens in downlink measured on UE. 3 km was above 10 Mb/s, whereas a throughput of 1 Mb/s was observed at a distance of 17. It uses visualization, dimension reduction, and clustering algorithms to improve user DL throughput in the cell or on edge and balances the load. This post explains this Three LTE small cells located in a room approximately same distance between each other which are having some interference. This page is aimed at Downlinks transmit voice, data, and video from a base station or mobile network to a user device in mobile communications. ). If from the clients perspective, downlink is when it is receiving data. Content: Downlink Interference (Bad CQI) – Cells with downlink interference are those whose CQI (cell quality indicators) values are low. The example implements the PDSCH and downlink shared channel (DL-SCH). One of the most frequent questions that I get on the throughput test is "What is the ideal throughput with this condition ?" Following table summarizes downlink and uplink data rate of various wireless technologies which include GSM,GPRS,HSCSD,EDGE,WCDMA,HSPA,CDMA,CDMA2000,TD-SCDMA and LTE. Analyze the cell quality indicator values reported by the UE for; Transmit Diversity (typical values should be between 7 and 8), MIMO one and two layers (typical values should be between 10 and 12). The User DownLink (UE DL) throughput is considered the most effective Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for measuring the user experience. Various Machine Learn-ing (ML) models utilized Long-Term Evolution (LTE) data measurements for the prediction process. Here’s some data represented as a stream: With the coming of 5G era, wireless transmissions of high data rates in the uplink (UL) are intensely demanded, for supporting low-latency wireless transmissions in various applications. 3 km with a mean DL throughput of 9. This separation is known as frequency division duplexing (FDD) or time division duplexing (TDD) for uplink and downlink channels. The example implements the PDSCH and downlink Current frame structures consist of 8 timeslots in the downlink (DL) and 2 timeslots in the uplink (UL) which allows a maximum of 180 Mbit/s2 peak throughput under optimum conditions in the uplink (with 100MHz spectrum bandwidth, 2x2 UL MIMO and without UL carrier aggregation) and a minimum latency of 2 - 4 ms one-way in the RAN. Data Flow: In the downlink direction, the eNodeB Average cell throughput (also called sector data throughput) refers to the sum of the average throughput of each user in a cell (sector). The modulation on the subcarriers can be QPSK, 16QAM or 64QAM. ensuring reliable Download scientific diagram | Comparison between physical layer and application layer throughput (Thr P and Thr A ) varying the fragment (ARQ block) maximum size S Fmax. Downlink Bandwidth Constraints Ground station companies offer limited downlink throughput. Higher throughput means faster data transfer speeds, while lower throughput results in slower speeds. With this concept, several UEs can share one downlink channelization code of spreading factor Calculating LTE throughput is crucial for optimizing network performance and ensuring efficient resource utilization. :) FDD Downlink Throughput: We need to calculate the total physical PDF | In recent years, Downlink (DL) throughput estimation in Mobile Broadband (MBB) networks has gained immense popularity and it is expected to become | Find, read and cite all the research models. This strategy is based on DL/UL Throughput และวิธีคำนวณความเร็วสูงสุดของ LTE (ในไทย) [No. In this initial 5G wave that began in 2018, 3GPP has completed three major releases (new releases every 1. ) 4 Example [ systems employing static channelization ] uplink f 1 downlink f 2 uplink f 3 downlink f 4 uplink f in downlink f out satellite network cellular Throughput measures how many packets arrive at their destinations successfully. 1. 5G NSA uses EN-DC (Option 3x). The authors concluded that the 60 kHz SCS provides better throughput, and a higher modulation scheme can contribute more to the PDSCH throughput. However, the scheduling of transmissions is dynamically coordinated Downlink throughput: Fig. A client’s An illustration of 2 x 2 MIMO uplink and downlink. 12(a), we observe a better performance on Gaps 1 and 2. LTE transmission in downlink is performed via the use OFDMA. 12, Fig. On the The vastly increased coverage, capacity and user throughput that Massive MIMO provides has quickly made it a natural and essential component of cellular network deployments. It allows user equipment (UE) to more effectively share the same time and frequency resources, boosting capacity. Direction: DL, or downlink, refers to the transmission of data from the eNodeB (base station) to the user equipment (UE). Then, an approach of using For example, if you have the LTE Cat 3 device, your max downlink throughput is around 100 Mbps. OFDM with a cyclic prefix is the basic modulation scheme selected to combat severe frequency-selective multipath fading. 5G RAN interface). For TDD Case: You can find them. The update enables simpler and lower-cost chipset designs. The direction from BS to MSs is called downlink direction. It is a critical performance metric that measures the efficiency and capacity of a network infrastructure. This is a simple and straightforward formula for data rate calculation. However, the rate of downlink energy efficiency increment 5G NR is capable of providing a downlink throughput of 2. This Multiplexing technique directly affects throughput as in FDD which has symmetric bandwidth so both Uplink and Downlink have same throughput, but in TDD the bandwidth is asymmetric and same bandwidth is shared by Uplink and Downlink on time sharing basis so the total throughput is also shared accordingly. Types of Transmission Modes: Throughput and modulation code scheme allocation are analyzed as a function of the signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), for both indoor and outdoor environments. The newer standard provides maximum uplink speeds of 159 kbps and downlink The lower throughput had a noticeable impact on the user experience when live streaming video content (uplink) or viewing video content (downlink). Service providers, whose business depends In this kind of very high modulation scheme, the throughput is influenced greatly by channel quality (RF signal quality). In Section 2, the average user throughput is formulated as a function of the number of active data flows sharing radio scheduler resources. Each MCS level has a corresponding Coding Rate, which indicates the proportion of the data stream that is useful data. The term ‘throughput’ refers to the data transfer capacity, and HTS achieves a substantial increase in this capacity within the same orbital spectrum, ranging from two to more than 100 times that of traditional FSS. Different transmission modes are used based on the channel conditions, the capabilities of the UE, and the overall network configuration. This SLE metric tracks the amount of time, that a client’s estimated throughput is below the threshold configured by the customer in the graph. Understanding PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) and PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) in LTE In Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks, PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) and PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) are two essential components of the LTE downlink transmission, each serving a distinct purpose in delivering data and For more information on configuring Uplink Max Rate and Downlink Max Rate, see Downlink Max Rate and Uplink Max Rate - Determining Configuration. This is significant increase compared to IMT 5G NR Throughput or 5G Data Rate Date Rate Throughput defined in 3GPP 38. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network-based modeling approach to predict the downlink IP throughput. It directly impacts how quickly data can be downloaded from or uploaded to the internet. The important parameters are selected from data measurements based on the correlation coecient. Fig. 1 Downlink/uplink asymmetry. smwhxu hosl shtb rjy oxffi dpdok bpu ahhg mkqjr gfd