Makefile pattern substitution. Does the pattern rule %.


  • Makefile pattern substitution It turns "source_dir/main. A substitution reference is shorthand for the patsubst expansion function (see Functions for String Substitution and Analysis): ‘$(var:a=b)’ is equivalent to ‘$(patsubst %a,%b,var)’. c) program_CXX_SRCS := $(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*. cpp and each . Sep 19, 2021 · For the command substitution case (rm $(find . c extension is changed to . I am very new to makefiles. c b Dec 1, 2020 · I have a makefile that gives me the source files in a hierarchy. am:12: (probably a GNU make extension). I tried using substitution as you can see in the TESTFILE name. The point is that Automake is appending dependencies and clean:: rules to the makefile one at a time. Jan 23, 2012 · In pseudo language, how can I get the above rule with pattern substitution. o? I would not prefer a two lines solution like below: produces the value ‘x. doc=. Substitution references (see Substitution References) are a simpler way to get the effect of the patsubst function: $(var:pattern=replacement) Nov 8, 2017 · In the following makefile for loop, how can I edit the string, that the i variable represents, with a pattern substitution in the middle of the string? In my case, I wish to replace any / character in the string with a _ character. The target is a pattern for matching file names; the ‘%’ matches any nonempty substring, while other characters match only themsel Feb 18, 2024 · I am writing a makefile. The problem with the second is that patsubst doesn't take multiple patterns so nothing matches that erroneous pattern and so you get SOURCES back entirely unmodified. c', then substitution of the stem `foo' gives the dependency name `foo. String Substitution $(patsubst pattern,replacement,text) does the following: "Finds whitespace-separated words in text that match pattern and replaces them with replacement. For example, substitutes the string `fEEt on the strEEt'. R—and define a pattern of characters to be substituted. GNU Make with patsubst: need two substitutions. Multiple patterns in Makefile. doc into . `%' characters in pattern rules can be quoted with preceding backslashes (`\'). If the file foo depends on the files parse. The result is substituted for the function call. Proof. It has the form ‘$(var:a=b)’ (or ‘${var:a=b}’) and its meaning is to take the value of the variable var, replace every a at the end of a word with b in that value, and substitute the resulting string. o obj/b. s. I have got a word list A B C. But if your pattern rule would be $(OBJS):%. y is changed, the recipe ‘bison -d parse. • Pattern Match: How patterns match. $(patsubst pattern,replacement,text) Finds whitespace-separated words in text that match pattern and replaces them with replacement. cpp=. That means, as long as you neither know the prefix nor the postfix parts of the /src/ in your strings, you are out of luck as you can never say 'replace unknown prefix and conserve unknown Jan 25, 2013 · I want to replace the string libswscale. xlsx using this feature, you need to use an intermediate variable. o (where it doesn't match the . This string, used anywhere in a makefile, is replaced by a space-separated list of names of existing files that match one of the given file name patterns. You define an implicit rule by writing a pattern rule. I would like to have a variable storing all the "stems" of the targets and prerequisities at the top, and then just adding the prefix/suffix and a common recipe for all of them. Static pattern rules are rules which specify multiple targets and construct the prerequisite names for each target based on the target name. o: %. Here pattern may contain a ‘%’ which acts as a wildcard, matching any number of any characters within a word. h, when parse. cpp" into "object_dir/main. If replacement also contains a `%', the `%' is replaced by the text that matched the `%' in pattern. cpp) the results (if I understand GNU makefiles correctly) look typically like. cpp extension of files in SOURCES to . cpp + video. o obj/a. o or . y’ will be executed only once, and the prerequisites of both parse. " The modern equivalent is a pattern rule which would look the same except to use %. Oct 24, 2013 · Is there a way to remove a prefix from a string (a pathname in my case) in make?. 81. cpp and . 5. md and outputs the targets in the html directory. o and scan. R script2. If there is a wildcard symbol (%) in the pattern, this will match any number of characters, and these characters are copied into the replacement string at the place of the % in the second argument. 3. c Jul 7, 2020 · I have scripts like this #!/bin/sh SHELL_CMD=busybox and try to substitute some pattern to bash shell using makefile, #!/bin/bash #SHELL_CMD=busybox Followings are the procedures in Makefile rele Jul 4, 2015 · GNU make calls this feature (which exists in every make implementation) substitution references. inc not count as "can be made"? I am using GNU Make 3. file-a in my project directory with the following contents: Feb 28, 2019 · How can I use a Makefile pattern rule for this instead to make the correct file? famous foreach-eval-call combination and the string substitution and analysis Thus, a pattern rule ‘%. For example, produces the value ‘ fEEt on the strEEt ’. o My Makefile looks something like: Dec 10, 2015 · I am looking for a way to substitute the folder on a list of source files variable within makefile. A pattern rule looks like an ordinary rule, except that its target contains the character ‘%’ (exactly one of them). My project structure looks something like: project/ + Makefile + src/ + main. Set a pattern-specific variable value like this: May 7, 2012 · How to substitute a pattern in Makefile. Here pattern may contain a `%' which acts as a wildcard, matching any number of any characters within a word. md and so on. If no existing file name matches a pattern, then that pattern is omitted from the output of the wildcard function. Dec 18, 2019 · I'm trying to write a portable BSD and GNU Makefile that does an out-of-source build and automatic prerequisites. c: touch prefix-hi-generated. cc is missing (because it is saved in src, not in build/objs). Cheers! Cheers! – MadScientist Jun 5, 2019 · A pattern rule is defined by having % in the target (left hand side). o and the file scan. x : foo ; is a perfectly valid pattern rule. c and x. cc, the pattern % will be build/objs/hello and the dependency file build/objs/hello. md documents. c Jan 3, 2012 · @dma_k: this has the same problem: src/Makefile. 6. It's irrelevant whether there's a % in the right-hand side. o extension. Finds whitespace-separated words in text that match pattern and replaces them with replacement. A pattern rule is, by definition, creates a pattern that matches how to build a target: it doesn't make sense to have a pattern rule where the target is not a pattern. Performs a textual replacement on the text text: each occurrence of from is replaced by to. Introduction to Pattern Rules; Pattern Jul 22, 2014 · I am trying to do second expansion in a makefile with substitution. If you additionally don't need to care about non-GNU make implementations, use the third. If I understand the make documentation correctly I can only use character % once in my target-pattern! I am facing a condition which my target is look like: Aug 24, 2015 · If no % in the pattern, this is a simple substitution (which keep the spaces). o depends on the file parse. 2. I have multiple different targets, each with a name-matching prerequisite. c" from the last rule. %. xlsx) 6. c'. xls into . o file from a . I think the way I have it set-up is correct but if it is not, please let me know. R script3. Is there something that works here? I start off by finding my source files. /src/add/add. I believe my question is too specific and could not find help with a google search. . . Once we have the string "object_dir/main. This tells make that the recipe ‘bison -d x. See How to Use Variables, and Functions for Transforming Text. d b/e. so (variables called $(SLIBNAME_WITH_MAJOR) and $(SLIBNAME), respectively). I realize I could sequentially process my list Nov 25, 2015 · That is, GNU Make does not recognize the opportunity to build "prefix-hi-generated. o B/libB. c, and I want to make a list where each . Note that expansion using ‘%’ in pattern rules occurs after any variable or function expansions, which take place when the makefile is read. so. xls=. If you are OK with a dependency on bash, pick the second. Here's a crude but effective approach. src For example, if one dependency pattern is `%. c $(SRC_DIR)/*/*. 3}. Jun 26, 2018 · One of Make's major shortcomings is its inability to handle wildcards in a sensible way. In order for the pattern rule to apply, its target pattern must match the file name under consideration and all of its prerequisites (after pattern substitution) must name files that exist or can be made. Writing good makefiles takes practice, but it can be super rewarding. o. They are more general than ordinary rules with multiple targets because the targets do not have to have identical prerequisites. If at all possible, I would advise against this, however -- use single, machine-readable tokens for file names, and map them to human readable only as the very last step. – Oct 31, 2013 · So when you built OBJECTS up from multiple calls to patsubst you were duplicating (in each piece) all the SOURCSE entries that didn't match that pattern. A pattern rule looks like an ordinary rule, except that its target contains the character ‘ % ’ (exactly one of them). A substitution reference substitutes the value of a variable with alterations that you specify. In this form, the variable is defined for any target that matches the pattern specified. cc and you request to build file build/objs/hello. y’ will make both x. o : %. c . May 8, 2023 · and using the pattern substitution I was able to get a list of all the object files (without their nested directories) in the object directory like so. How do I modify that line to make it substitute all . 4. c in place of . This is what I tried in the Makefile: $(SUBDIR)$( Dec 29, 2020 · That's because make has a built-in rule for %: %. c. Source files are named with the convention of putting a leading number in front of them, like content/01. c bar. cpp. $ make Makefile:15: *** target pattern ` % ' in a prerequisite of a pattern rule stands for the same stem that was matched by the ` % ' in the target. The target is considered a pattern for matching file names; the ‘ % ’ can match any nonempty substring, while other characters match only themselves. ‘%’ in a prerequisite of a pattern rule stands for the same stem that was matched by the ‘%’ in the target. multiple targets in make file. For example: %. o Oct 28, 2015 · I usually use this line OBJECTS = $(SOURCES:. Complex pattern rule in Makefile. Performs a textual replacement on the text text: each occurrence of from is replaced by to. • Pattern Examples: Examples of pattern rules. Nov 3, 2010 · 10. If you just want to change . f Mar 23, 2021 · I'm starting out with makefile and I am a bit puzzled about how patterns work. As an example, suppose I had the string: FILES = a/b/c. Jun 3, 2020 · In my Makefile, I'm assigning some variables based on the contents of a file, and I'd like to define a new variable by doing a string replacement on the contents of the file. c’ says how to make any file stem. o from another file stem. /src/main. I have a file called . Does the pattern rule %. o, % will carry value hello. For example, I am hoping to turn this: #one If the makefile were actually written by a human being, looking at all the tasks at once and synthesizing a pattern, your rules would be fine. Jul 11, 2012 · @Ungeheuer: No, the substitution reference does nothing at all to the files, it merely transforms the variables. am. c extension together with . A pattern rule contains the character ‘%’ (exactly one of them) in the target; otherwise, it looks exactly like an ordinary rule. OBJDIR := objdir SRCS := foo. 0. FILES_OUT_1 = $(FILES_IN:. py". In addition to target-specific variable values (see Target-specific Variable Values), GNU make supports pattern-specific variable values. SRCS := $(wildcard $(SRC_DIR)/*. o bar. However, its Aug 18, 2014 · The % character can be used for wildcard pattern-matching, to provide generic targets. Mar 25, 2017 · If there is in the makefile a pattern rule: build/objs/%. g. o : src/%. We provide substitution references as well as patsubst for compatibility with other implementations of make. Without it, creating such 'multi-dimensional' targets is cumbersome. All Makefile ways are probably out of question. o", we can pass it to the pattern rule, which knows how to construct a file of that name. o + video. o C/libC. Adding an explicit rule Adding an explicit rule prefix-hi-generated. Use Make's string manipulation functions to split the target into pieces (e. o will be satisfied. It is legitimate to write a dependency pattern that does not contain `%'; then this dependency is the same for all targets. tab. 2 by libswscale. May 31, 2018 · The ABC_test will have dependencies of all the OBJfiles. o) to substitute the . • Match-Anything Rules: Precautions you should take prior to defining rules that can match any target file whatever. I think there must be a very specific autotools/m4 way to do this, but I have never used either to a great extend. One way around this is by rebuilding the name of the dependency in the command (rather than in the dependency list): Dec 3, 2021 · @Danijel -- are you concerned about files such as foo. How can I do that? I have tried the patsubst (see manual). Aug 10, 2017 · Patsubst can only handle patterns with one wildcard in it, unluckily. From the docs: When the target pattern does not contain a slash (and it usually does not), directory names in the file names are removed from the file name before it is compared with the target prefix and suffix. Any idea what I can do? Dec 23, 2016 · Each item/word in the last argument is compared against this pattern, and if it matches, it is replaced with the second argument. Jun 30, 2016 · This behavior is described in the GNU make documentation. c and make will always choose a pattern rule that can directly create the target over a pattern rule that requires another pattern rule: Note however, that a rule whose prerequisites actually exist or are mentioned always takes priority over a rule with prerequisites that must be made by chaining Sep 17, 2014 · the makefile below processes files matching the patterncontent/%. Moreover you are trying to take apart path names not the usual way at the file level. how to use target specific variable in gnu make. So white-space characters will cause word splitting, * characters will cause filename "globbing" to take place etc. 1 Introduction to Pattern Rules. /src/sub/sub. patsubst and dir usage. docx) FILES_OUT = $(FILES_OUT_1:. "img somename 1") and pick the second one, then add ". cpp extensions to . Complex pattern replacement in GNU make. To expand on the Wildcard pitfall example from the manual which you had already discovered, objects = *. OBJECTS := [obj/main. • Pattern Intro: An introduction to pattern rules. Aug 28, 2014 · You will need one subst for each separate substitution, though. o’. That's also much easier in your makefile: May 29, 2019 · Large projects will usually have nested subfolders and a top-level makefile will call each nested makefile recursively, and this is when sticking to a clear, well-defined convention starts to really matter. -type f -executable)) case the shell will process the output of find. index. Jun 23, 2015 · The reason for this is in how make does its pattern rules. c and . My project now has files with . Sep 2, 2016 · The GNU make manual has this to say about patsubst so I think it should work with multiple wildcards in a single patsubst invocation: Here pattern may contain a ‘%’ which acts as a wildcard, matching any number of any characters within a word. Oct 1, 2014 · It tells GNU make "here's how to build a . Using Pattern Substitution"," To create a variable that contains the name of the . Jun 13, 2017 · Quoting from the GNU Make, Static Pattern Rules. c) gives me. The idea is to take advantage of the variable rfiles—which has the value: script1. c [TAB] actions When % appears in the dependency list, it is replaced with the same string that was used to perform substitution in the target. o"; those are file names, not files. 1. o pattern? In which case, what would you want to occur for those files? In which case, what would you want to occur for those files? Feb 6, 2017 · I'm trying to use a pattern rule so I don't have to create identical rules for each source & object file. d a/b/e. Dec 11, 2015 · The pattern substitution character % is a placeholder for a file which may or may not exist at the moment. GNU Make works fine but BSD Make does not. 1 Substitution References. 12 Pattern-specific Variable Values. I would like to transform this into a list A/libA. Rout files, we are going to use the function patsubst (for pattern substitution). A sample makefile: # We have src{0. c file with the same name. am:12: addprefix Gui/, $(GUI_SOURCEFILES: non-POSIX variable name src/Makefile. docx and . – Apr 7, 2017 · Define the Makefile variable SHELL as /bin/bash (or whatever the path to bash is on your system): SHELL=/bin/bash If you want portability, go with the first solution. Finally, $< is an automatic variable which means "the name of the first prerequisite". o] My problem is, I want a similar pattern rule like my first pattern where I can somehow say Nov 6, 2011 · just for quick terminology: #basic makefile rule target: dependencies recipe The Problem: I want to generate the dependencies automatically. Mar 16, 2015 · In order for the pattern rule to apply, its target pattern must match the file name under consideration and all of its prerequisites (after pattern substitution) must name files that exist or can be made. f I want to remove the a/, and be left with b/c. md or content/O2. R script4. So far I have Jan 8, 2016 · The short-form pattern substitution is just syntactic sugar for patsubst and they are always directly interchangeable using the obvious translations. h. cpp + Debug/ + src/ [contents built via Makefile:] + main. This is my test makefile: Dec 3, 2022 · Say I have a list of files with mixed suffixes, e. second-page. program_C_SRCS := $(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*. • Automatic Variables: How to use automatic variables in the recipe of implicit rules. yvhxt mkqqgai ivf hrgvf tuv sscdm vbf olxn afnql zpjnp
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